Chapter 18 provides benchmarks for life sciences companies. This category includes pharmaceutical makers, biotechnology product companies, and medical device manufacturers. The 18 respondents in this sample range in size from a minimum of about €50 million to over €38 billion in revenue.

Chapter 17 provides benchmarks for high-tech companies. This category includes computer products manufacturers, telecommunications equipment manufacturers, semiconductor manufacturers, aerospace and defense manufacturers, pharmaceutical makers, biotechnology product makers, and other high-tech manufacturers. The 21 respondents in this sample range in size from a minimum of about €50 million to over €60 billion in revenue.